Titanium alloy is an ideal armor material
Titanium alloys are widely used in aircraft, submarines and other fields. Their specific strength even exceeds that of steel. When the specific gravity is slightly higher than that of aluminium, the strength and toughness of titanium alloys are similar to or even better than that of steel. In theory, titanium alloy is the perfect armor material. Titanium alloy is an ideal armor material only in terms of performance. We know that armored steel is mainly used as armor in armored vehicles, while some light vehicles, such as infantry chariots, paratroopers and armored conveyors, use aluminum alloy armor to reduce weight. However, the hardness and specific strength of aluminium alloy armor are much lower than that of steel, and it can not withstand high temperature. When hit by armor-piercing projectiles, it will produce toxic gases locally. But after all, aluminium alloy is very light. When it is used as armor, under the premise of the same protective force for armor-piercing projectiles, the thickness of aluminium alloy is much higher than that of steel, but the weight can be lighter. But titanium alloys also have a fatal defect, which is expensive. This is expensive, on the one hand, the high-performance titanium alloy material itself is very expensive; on the other hand, more importantly, it is difficult to process titanium alloys, especially titanium alloy welding, which is very difficult. Generally speaking, the price of titanium alloy armor with the same protective force is 10-20 times higher than that of steel. So for a long time, the use of titanium alloy armor is generally in the aircraft and individual body armor. The Soviet Union used titanium alloy to make pressure hulls of submarines. As a result, the “Serra” class nuclear submarine is called “goldfish”, and its cost per ton exceeds the price of gold of the same weight. Only three countries in the world, China, the United States and Russia, have carried out special research on marine titanium alloys and established their own marine titanium alloys system. Moreover, titanium alloys have some defects. According to the related papers, under specific load conditions, projectiles only need a very small amount of energy to cause the destruction of titanium alloy armor, so it is not scientific to completely replace steel with titanium alloys even if it is rich. By the 1990s, some changes had taken place in titanium alloy armor. Represented by the United States, many countries began to study low-cost titanium alloys used in armored vehicles related technology. The price of titanium alloy armor has been reduced by about 40% through the use of new technology and new technology, such as electron beam welding, which finally makes it possible to use titanium alloy materials. The U.S. plan to upgrade M1A2 tanks in the 1990s is to use titanium alloy to make hatch covers, top armor decks, etc. instead of its original steel components, M1 tanks using titanium alloy components can reduce the weight by nearly 500 kg, while the protective force remains unchanged. U.S. military research also points out that the same technology can be used in M2 “Bradley” and M13 armored conveyors, which, of course, needs to be further reduced in the cost of titanium alloy manufacturing. In addition, in the development of EFV Marine Expeditionary Vehicle, the U.S. military also considered using titanium alloy armor, or using titanium alloy to manufacture the vehicle’s mobile system components, to reduce weight. China’s new combat vehicles use titanium alloys to make the body structure, which is obviously better in weight and protection than the previous use of aluminum alloy or steel. So what is this kind of chariot? First of all, it is still in the key technological stage, so it will not be the vehicle that has begun to equip the army. Thus, the 15-type lightweight main battle tank, 05-type amphibious assault vehicle, amphibious infantry chariot family and 04A infantry chariot can be excluded. Weapons and Equipment Group has rich experience in using titanium alloy materials in army weapons. A large number of large titanium alloy parts including titanium alloy shelves are used in the AH-4 type 155 mm ultra-light howitzer. This fact can also illustrate from the side that the Armament Group has a deep foundation in casting, welding and machining of large titanium alloy parts. At the Zhuhai Air Show in 2012, a staff member of the factory interviewed us next to the AH-4 ultra-light artillery with a mysterious smile and said, “After mastering this technology, we will have one hundred links, and there will be more new equipment using titanium alloy in the future, you wait and see.” According to the information disclosed by relevant news, the structure frame material and some armor of new type armored vehicles in China are made of titanium alloy material. This first shows that this is an armored vehicle which has decided to use titanium alloy to make a large number of basic structures from the beginning of design, which is the world’s first.