Author Archives: mywp

Application and Development of Titanium in Bicycle Parts

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As the bicycle industry is not as mature as the sailing industry in technology as in aviation industry, most companies spend less on development and research than on sales, so if the processing factory wants to sell materials to the bicycle manufacturers, it must do some responsibility for the research. For 100 years, the bicycle industry has been using steel as its material, and there is little need for improvement. Therefore, only a few engineers are engaged in research. Generally speaking, steel bicycle pipe processing plants know much more about how to produce a durable bicycle frame than frame manufacturers. Titanium tube used in bicycle and wheelchair frame was formed in the mid-1980s. Titanium application develops very fast, but as these small markets begin to heat up, the application process of titanium in the world slows down. As more and more cyclists begin to understand the benefits of titanium, they feel shy. TI-3AL-2.5V frame made of aviation quality pipes costs between $1600 and $3,500 each. The whole bicycle sells from $2,400 to $6,000. In the past four years, industrial pure titanium pipes and non-aviation TI-3AL-2.5V (transportation) Motion-grade) Titanium alloy frames are very popular. Some sports-grade titanium frames retail at a minimum price of $1,000 per pair and the whole bicycle at a minimum price of $1,700. In 1985, the purchasing power of titanium for frame was zero. In 1990, the purchasing power was about $1.5 million. By the end of 1995, the purchasing power was about $5 million.

Bicycle parts refer to crankshaft locators, pedals, handlebars connected to the frame. Titanium parts industry develops faster than TI-3AL-2.5V frame industry. Most of the parts are produced by Ti-6AI-4V, and most of the parts are processed by Ti-6A1-4V. The purchasing power of Ti-6A1-4V parts is only 1/3, 19,5 V of TI-3AL-2.5V frame. About 10 tons in 1997. Foundry parts can be SB is becoming more and more common, but this development may be slower than machine-added parts. Titanium suppliers are starting to provide cheap materials to titanium parts manufacturers. Most of these low-cost bicycle-grade materials are actually obsolete aviation materials. Compact, rigid and light weight are the general requirements for driving specifications of bicycles. Titanium is often not the best material, while forged and cast aluminium are more popular. If the price of Titanium Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) falls, it may become an alternative to the current market for some aluminium applications. The material requirements of the frame are simple, but the driving characteristics are particularly critical, which complicates the selection of materials in some aspects. Most transport vehicles, structural elements and internal facilities and operating elements are separated. Until recently, all bicycle frames require structural integrity and mounting functions. There is no titanium alloy specially designed for bicycles. Only some materials have been improved for bicycles. Most people consider the cost reduction. The main problem of accepting titanium components is rigidity rather than cost. Ti-3Al-2.5V is the most commonly used titanium alloy for bicycles. Although it is developed for aircraft hydraulic system, it has formability and corrosion resistance. High fatigue strength to weight ratio and good elongation make Ti-3Al-2.5V conform to bicycle market performance standards. Compared with other titanium alloys, the greatest advantage of Ti-3Al-2.5V is its easy yield strength and tube forming, but its disadvantage is its poor price and modulus to density ratio. It is not easy to make Ti-3Al-2.5V extrusion as the dominant position of frame materials. Ti-6AI-4V also has some attraction. Its modulus and strength are higher than Ti-3Al-2.5V, but it is difficult to process small diameter pipes like bicycle frames. Ti-15V-3Al-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr is also easy to form, but its high density and low modulus offset its advantage of increasing strength.

If the titanium industry is interested in developing the titanium alloy sporting goods industry, including bicycles and wheelchairs, it should not only publicize the producers, but also the end-users of the products. After the failure of the titanium frame in the 1970s, although the excellent performance of the Ti-3A1-2.5V pipe has improved the reputation of titanium, it is vulnerable to the current progress. The threat of inexpensive industrial pure titanium frames entering the market, together with the titanium frames produced by some small companies, which do not have the knowledge and resources necessary to create successful titanium products, will affect the reputation of titanium in the bicycle industry and other consumer goods. This problem has been encountered in the sailing industry several years ago. Titanium has lost its reputation in the high-tech sailing market and is still prohibited from being used on racing sailing boats by the relevant authorities. Such problems can be avoided entirely through publicity.

Low weight and high strength titanium bicycle frames titanium pedal axle manufacturer Anodized rainbow colored Titanium spokes made from titanium grade 5

Titanium alloy fasteners

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Titanium, as an engineering material, has been developed in the past 50 years. This may seem like a long time, but in fact, as an engineering material, this time is relatively short. It takes many years to build a credible database. The credibility of data in the database is based on controllable research confirmed by application experience.

The most attractive feature of titanium is its extremely high strength-mass ratio. Their mass is only 57% of the same volume steel, but their strength is comparable to that of heat treated iron-carbon alloys. Titanium is an ideal material for aerospace, jet aircraft and missiles. But its biggest disadvantage is that the cost is too high. Titanium is not encouraged as a fastener unless there is no alternative.

Titanium alloys exhibit excellent corrosion resistance in harsh environments, which is the main reason why they are used in chemical equipment manufacturing. It has good high and low temperature characteristics, non-magnetization and low thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient.

On the negative side, it is very difficult to process titanium fasteners. And when the thread fastener is installed and locked, the thread is easily scratched or stuck. Here are some examples of stress corrosion sensitivity of titanium alloys at appropriate high temperatures. But this situation can be mitigated by some special processes.

High strength and light weight titanium fasteners made from titanium alloy

titanium alloy

Pure titanium is not heat-treated. Generally speaking, almost no fasteners are made of pure titanium.

There are many titanium alloys, most of which are exclusive. The results show that only a small proportion of planed titanium alloys are suitable for manufacturing threaded fasteners.

Ti-6Al-4V is a heavy-duty alloy. The fastener made of this alloy has a minimum tensile strength of 135,000 psi, with high strength and satisfying toughness.

Ti-6Al-4Mn has great creep resistance and is easy to cast. Its strength characteristics are similar to those of Ti-6Al-4V alloy, but its toughness is slightly worse.

The tensile strength of Ti-1Al-8V-5Fe is about 200,000 psi. It should be exaggerated that its outstanding strength-mass ratio is equal to that of steel fasteners with 350,000 psi tensile strength.

Two other titanium alloys, Ti-6Al-12Zr and Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn, are sometimes used in fastener manufacturing.

strength characteristics

The mechanical properties of titanium alloy external thread fasteners are guided by ASTM F468 on page B-158 and ASTM F467 on page B-184. In these specifications, the identification number of Ti-6Al-4V alloy is 5.

Corrosion resistance titanium fasteners made from pure titanium

Application of Pure Titanium and Titanium Alloy Products in Life

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The surface of pure titanium products has a dense oxide film, which can adapt to various environments well at room temperature. Therefore, without spraying, pure titanium kettles have strong corrosion resistance. Facing the weak acid or alkali environment outdoors, pure titanium kettles can handle freely, whether river water or rainwater, rocks or vegetation, pure titanium kettles can be directly contacted without being corroded. Because the whole pot body is not painted, the pot presents the unique gray of pure titanium products, and can be directly heated on the fire source.

Light weight titanium kettle produced by pure titanium

For example, the pot cover is made of pure titanium and rubber. Considering the corrosion resistance and health of the product, the pure titanium pot cover has better properties. Pure titanium products are completely harmless to human body, so it is possible to heat water and food in pure titanium containers. Pure titanium kettle single layer does not have thermal insulation function, suitable for use below the snow line, with pure titanium kettle lid can be directly heated without tightening, so that the water quality has a better guarantee.

Compared with the traditional stainless steel material, titanium density is smaller. The weight of 550 ml titanium kettle is only 99g. The quality of stainless steel kettle of the same specification is about twice that of pure titanium kettle. In the process of travel, lighter equipment often means higher efficiency. Applying pure titanium products to outdoor activities can reduce the burden of donkey friends. Pure titanium is of great strength, comparable to stainless steel and much better than lightweight aluminium products. In the process of climbing, collision is inevitable, even if the kettle falls on the stone, it is still intact. In some special cases, pure titanium kettles can even be used as support for emergencies.

Titanium alloy is the metal with the least damage to human body. It is precisely because of the least damage to human body that titanium alloy is used as implant material for human joints, bones and so on. In 2005, Japan invented a high-tech toothbrush, built-in a metal titanium tube, which absorbs light and produces negative ions. It does not need toothpaste on the brush head. It also removes stubborn cigarettes and coffee, so that users can keep their teeth white for a long time. This environmentally friendly toothbrush has been named clinical experiment to prove its cleaning effect. Force is better than ordinary toothbrushes and electric toothbrushes. The key is to connect the toothbrush rod and the titanium rod of the brush head. It can convert the light into negative ion energy. When the toothbrush contacts the teeth, the negative ion attracts positive ions, and the scales and stains break down at the molecular level. After using, no mouthwash is needed. The replaceable superfine brush head ensures that it can penetrate into the teeth. This experiment proves that this high-tech can effectively remove bacteria and stains in the mouth, reduce gingival bleeding and allergies, and reduce the chance of gingivitis. The excellent biocompatibility of titanium is thoroughly non-toxic, harmless, insensitive to human body. After its surface is treated by anodic oxidation, the oxide film formed has bacteriostasis. It is not only light, strong, corrosion-resistant, but also easy to disinfect at high temperature. Then titanium alloy is made into many titanium articles for daily use.

Titanium tea cups with anodized Ice flower color

Advantages and Future of Titanium Steel Composite Plate

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Metal laminated composite sheet can achieve perfect metallurgical combination of different metals with very wide differences in strength, melting point and thermal expansion coefficient. It integrates the advantages of different materials and gives full play to the use characteristics of different materials. It greatly saves precious metal materials, reduces the manufacturing cost of equipment and makes precious metals in good condition. Multidisciplinary applications are possible. Composites produced by explosive composite technology can achieve perfect combination of different metals without changing the composition and physical properties of the original materials. Metal composite sheets can be designed independently, and different materials can be designed and manufactured according to the need for optimal use. The metal clad sheet material not only has good weldability, formability, thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of carbon steel, but also has excellent corrosion resistance of various cladding layers. So it is widely used in petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, light industry, salt chemical industry, power station auxiliary machinery, desalination shipbuilding, power and marine engineering industries.

Titanium Steel Composite Plate which produced by Explosion

A remarkable characteristic of titanium is its strong corrosion resistance, which is due to its strong affinity to oxygen, which can generate a dense oxide film on its surface, which can protect titanium from medium corrosion. Titanium metal can form passive oxide film on the surface in most aqueous solutions. Therefore, titanium has good stability in acidic, alkaline, neutral saline solution and oxidizing medium. It has better corrosion resistance than existing stainless steel and other commonly used non-ferrous metals, and even can be compared with platinum. Therefore, titanium is widely used in various chemical reaction vessels, heat exchanger materials and anti-corrosion fields, but the disadvantage is the high cost. Especially when used as structural parts, this problem is particularly prominent. The titanium steel composite plate produced by explosive composite method has not only the corrosion resistance of titanium, but also the strength and plasticity of common steel plate as structural parts. Especially, the cost has been greatly reduced.

With the continuous progress of equipment manufacturing technology and the development of chemical industry in China, the application field of Ti-steel composite will continue to expand, and the cost of Ti-steel composite plate is slightly lower than the price of Ti-steel plate. For small and medium-sized chemical enterprises still using plastic materials or other materials as substitutes, compared with the use of Ti-steel composite plate. Life-to-price ratio, their choice of titanium steel composite plate will increase the possibility of this part of the market demand, for upstream titanium steel composite manufacturers, is also a great encouragemen

Processing Characteristics and Development and Application of Medical Titanium and Titanium Alloys

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Titanium has good biocompatibility, so it is selected as the most ideal implant product for human body. Over the past ten years, many scientific research departments, medical schools and hospitals in the world and China have also done a lot of basic and clinical research. In depth and breadth, titanium has been recognized as the most ideal implant product for human body. In these years, artificial femoral head, wrist joint, knee joint, cultivated teeth and skull repair have been done with titanium. There are thousands of records of pacemaker and so on. Titanium is the most ideal product for human implants in the reports so far. The design of orthodontic devices needs to conform to the complex shape of bones and joints, so the processing of these parts is also complicated. These devices processed from titanium bars need to cut off a large number of materials, so the process is very expensive because of the low cutting performance index of many materials. Therefore, some parts are cast to the final shape of the parts, which often requires complex and expensive fixtures.

Titanium 6AL-4V ELI is a standard product for making hip joint, bone screw, knee joint, plate bone or organ, denture and surgical equipment. However, cobalt-chromium alloys are used more and more frequently because of their strong, tighter particle size and cleaner than titanium. The cutting force required to process titanium alloys is only slightly greater than that required to process steel, but the metallurgical properties of titanium alloys make it more difficult to process than steels with appropriate hardness. Titanium has a work hardening property, which eliminates the binding metal (crimping) in front of the cutting tool. This helps to increase the shear angle in processing, thus forming a thin chip, which is touched on a suitable small area with the appearance of the cutting tool. Because of the work hardening, the feed can not be stopped in the moving touch between the tool and the workpiece. In this way, the large supporting force occurring in the processing, combined with the friction force produced by chips in the touch area, results in a large increase of heat in part of the tool area. The heat generated by cutting titanium will not be lost quickly because it is a bad conductor. Therefore, most of the heat is concentrated on the cutting edge and tool surface. Large bearing capacity and heat constitute crescent depression near the cutting edge, resulting in tool agility damage. To make matters worse, titanium alloys have a strong tendency to melt into alloys or revive chemical changes with the products in the tool at the working temperature. Another trend is that when chips are bonded to the cutting edge of the tool, the appearance of the tool is damaged. When the tool begins to damage, these difficulties will be doubled. Therefore, the tool used to process titanium and its alloys should be carefully monitored to ensure that the blade is sharp and replaced before blunting. The experience of processing titanium and titanium alloys is that if any change is seen in the process of processing, the tool should be changed immediately, because the change means that the tool will become blunt. Another reason for sticking to tool sharpness is that titanium can cause fire when cutting with damaged or damaged tools. When burned, oxygen occurs in the metal, so the fire will spontaneously ignite. Therefore, many titanium processing workshops do not report fire, they are equipped with life-saving system on machine tools.

Titanium has a relatively low elastic modulus and is more elastic than steel, so it tends to violate cutting tools in processing unless it is machined robustly or used as appropriate support. Slender parts tend to deflect under tool pressure, resulting in knife tremor, tool friction and errors. Through the processing experience, it is considered that the rigidity of the tool system is very important, and the sharp and accurate shape of the tool should be used. As a result of these pressures, new technologies are introduced to help manufacturers of medical parts to cope with competition and to produce these complex parts with high precision. Many innovations in EDM make the production of high-quality parts faster and eliminate many inherent problems in old processing technology.

Titanium, as a new product, has been developed and used in the pharmaceutical industry, medical devices and human implants in China for only 20 years. However, it has achieved great success and achieved remarkable social and economic benefits.

Medical Titanium screws for surgical implants Alloy Grade 5 Medical Titanium Teeth

Titanium Carabiner-The Lock of Life for Mountaineering Equipment

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Its English name is CARABINER, which is called “hook ring” in the domestic mountaineering industry.

The titanium carabiner is made from high strength titanium alloy and used for Mountaineering High strength titanium hook ring from Baoji hosn titanium co., ltd

The hook rings used in early mountain climbing were made of steel or iron. Steel is characterized by its durability and high endurance (some can withstand 4000-5000 kg of tension). The disadvantage is that it is heavy, increases the load of climbers, and can not be carried in large quantities. Later, this kind of clasp was gradually replaced by aluminium alloy clasp. The aluminium alloy clasp is light and strong. At present, some manufacturers are better than titanium alloy clasp of aluminium alloy. Hook rings are the most widely used and indispensable and substituted equipment in climbing equipment. The main purpose of hook rings is to connect climbing rope with middle fulcrum.

Hook rings can replace many complex and cumbersome knots in climbing. For example, the combination and use of many climbing equipments, such as safety sling, riser and descender, depend on hook and loop.

The hook-and-loop is the guarantee of safety in the course of river-tracing exploration and climbing rock wall. It is also called safety buckle.

When climbing, make sure that the main rope is connected to the middle fulcrum through a hook-and-loop. Any hook-and-loop must be strong enough to withstand the impact and pull of the sudden fall of the climber.

But how is it strong enough? According to the falling test of UIAA, the climbing rope can bear at least 1200 kg of pulling force. Because the rope brakes on the hook ring, the load of the hook ring should be 1.33 times of that of the rope in the falling test of UIAA. Therefore, the hook ring should bear at least 1500 kg of impact pulling force. That is to say, in order to achieve maximum safety in a serious fall, the hook ring can at least withstand such a load.

The normal pulling force of aluminium alloy hooks and rings is generally 2000-3000 kg to ensure the safety of climbers.

Hook rings are generally divided into 0 type, D type and modified D type.

Type 0 hook-ring has the advantages of small friction, wide application range, better activity of fastening on rocks and blocks than type D hook-ring. In climbing, type 0 hook-ring is generally used to connect lifters, pulleys and other equipment. Under normal conditions, it does not withstand impact pulling force, and does not stuck on sharp angles, change direction or suddenly move. Its disadvantage is that the impact tension is small, and its load is shared equally by both sides of the hook and ring, which can generally bear 1500-1800 kg of tension.

D-type hook ring is a kind of more used hook ring. It is stronger than 0-type hook ring. Almost all the load is borne by the long side opposite the opening, so it bears large impact tension and high safety factor. Now it has been improved, with a large opening like a cashew nut, which is easy for climbers to operate with one hand.

In addition, the hook rings with safety locks, mostly large triangle or large D type, are used for the complex connection of equipment. The most common use is to ensure the connection of main rope and safety sling. Therefore, we also call this kind of hook rings as safety hook rings.

There are two basic states of the hook ring, opening and closing. When the hook ring is closed, it can bear three times as much tension as when it is opened.

Special attention should be paid to the use of the hook ring: after hanging the hook ring, the opening should be turned downward and outward, or downward towards the climber, in order to prevent entanglement and twist. Check whether there are cracks or cracks before use. Opening and closing of the opening should be smooth (because its internal structure is based on springs and can be removed by dropping kerosene, solvent or lubricant into the cracks. In order to alleviate rope friction, double hook rings can also be used.

Finally, when choosing the hook ring, we should choose it according to the actual needs. The pulling force, weight and price of different kinds of hook rings are different because of different uses and loads. I believe that when you think about what kind of hook you like, you also include your trust and safety in the reference. In short, it is a very easy to realize but difficult to explain the feeling.

Classification and characteristics of titanium eyeglass frames

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Titanium, as a chemical element in itself, is also regarded as a precious metal material. Now it has been applied to all aspects of our lives, among which titanium glasses are the closest to us. Because the distribution of titanium metal is more dispersive and difficult to extract, this has become the most important reason for the high price of titanium eyeglass frames.

And according to the different processing technology, refining means and process application methods, titanium metal glasses are also divided into many different categories, including pure titanium glasses, beta titanium, titanium alloy and other three main types, then what are the differences between them? One by one introduction.

Pure titanium. The most convenient and critical way to judge whether the material of the spectacle frame is pure titanium is to see its titanium purity. Usually only when the titanium purity reaches 99% or more, can it be used as pure titanium spectacles. The frame made of pure titanium material has the advantages of high melting point, light material, strong corrosion resistance and firm electroplating layer, which can ensure the beauty and durability of the frame.

Beta titanium. First of all, beta titanium does not belong to titanium alloy, it can be understood as another molecular state of titanium material. Although the purity of beta titanium can not be compared with pure titanium, its strength, fatigue resistance and environmental corrosion resistance are better than pure titanium. Secondly, because the manufacturing process of beta titanium is higher than pure titanium, only large factories and brands will be produced. Usually, the customers who are facing are those who require high style and weight of spectacle frames.

Titanium alloy. Titanium alloys are widely defined. In principle, they can be called titanium alloys as long as they contain titanium materials. Therefore, the quality and grade of titanium alloy spectacle frames are not uniform, and the price of titanium alloy spectacles has a direct impact on the composition of titanium alloy, which is clearly marked in the introduction of the frame, so that buyers know what titanium and what materials of the alloy, such as titanium-nickel alloy, titanium-aluminium-vanadium alloy and so on. Another point about titanium alloy is to declare that making glasses with titanium alloy is not to reduce the cost, but to improve the application performance of materials. At present, the memory frame on the market is made of titanium alloy.

Well, the introduction of pure titanium, beta titanium and titanium alloy is coming to an end. It can be seen that the difference between them is not only the price, but also the unique process and product performance.

titanium is used for eyeglass frame production from Baoji HOSN Titanium

Application of Titanium Material in Glass Frame

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Titanium spectacle frames were developed and manufactured in batches abroad in the early 1990s. Before 1998, titanium spectacle frames had occupied more than 60% of the Japanese market. The first titanium spectacle frames in the world were sold under the names of TitexA and TitexB since 1981. The problems of die breakage and surface finish during drawing and stamping were solved by using TitexA. The optimum cutting conditions of the machined surface are obtained. In surface processing, focus on additives, polishing rolls, processing machinery, processing conditions and so on. Breakthroughs have also been made in the development of new solders for titanium. In surface treatment, it is difficult to treat titanium by wet electroplating of precious metals on materials (zinc white copper, nickel alloy, stainless steel, etc.) before, so the method of ion plating is used. Golden yellow can be obtained by nitriding and silver white can be obtained by chromium nitride. In addition, these nitrides are superhard materials, which give the surface a good wear resistance. In addition, brown and yellow can also be obtained by spraying. Titanium spectacle frames belong to high-end consumer goods. In recent years, with the improvement of people’s living standards, the domestic demand for titanium spectacle frames has expanded rapidly, and many manufacturers of titanium spectacle frames have appeared in China. Titanium for spectacle frames is currently used in pure titanium, Ti-Ni alloy and beta titanium alloy. Its advantages are corrosion resistance, light weight, superelasticity and color-invariant, which are welcomed by consumers.

Classified pure titanium frame: except for screw and plastic foot cover, the metal part of the frame is made of titanium material. Nickel-coated titanium: The frame is made of titanium, and the surface is made of nickel-coated material. Now this kind of frame no longer exists. Assembly Titanium: Because of the high cost of producing nickel-coated Titanium and the need to update the equipment, the assembly of titanium mirror frames came into being before the updating. However, this product is dangerous, because each metal has different melting points, it will be very fragile to combine them. Early nickel-coated titanium frame after flattening angle, its frame distribution can not be as average as the original factory production, so after use, the nickel and titanium coated layer will break off and can not be repaired by welding, including assembling titanium. Nickel-Titanium plating: In order to reduce costs and make production more convenient, some factories have developed the use of titanium metal plating nickel metal. In this way, the traditional welding technology can be used. In order to prevent bad vendors from using titanium alloy frame as pure titanium frame, consumers can refer to the following description for identification. Titanium spectacle frames, according to the type of use of titanium parts, are printed in abbreviated form on the frame, generally in the foot of the mirror, as long as you pay careful attention, it is easy to distinguish. Due to customer needs, there are pure titanium frame, Beta titanium frame and semi-titanium frame, semi-titanium frame is divided into titanium alloy frame, such as memory titanium, biological titanium, etc. Titanium-gold combination, namely: pure titanium or beta titanium and metal combination frame, such as pure titanium for mirror leg, metal for frame, beta titanium for mirror leg, metal for mirror leg, etc. Combination frame of pure titanium or beta titanium with plate or TR material, such as pure titanium for mirror leg, plate for frame, beta titanium for frame, TR for mirror leg, etc.

titanium used for eyeglass production including frame and leg

Lightweight titanium wheel bolts improve automobile performance

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Lightweight titanium wheel bolts improve automobile performance

“Automobile lightweight” has become the trend of automobile development in the world. The test shows that if the weight of the whole vehicle is reduced by 10%, the fuel efficiency can be increased by 6% – 8%; for every 100kg of vehicle curb weight reduction, the fuel consumption per 100km can be reduced by 0.3L-0.6L, and the carbon dioxide emission can be reduced by about 5g/km; the weight of the vehicle can be reduced by 1%, and the fuel consumption can be reduced by 0.7%. The vehicle, especially the under spring mass, can significantly improve the damping efficiency, improve the grip, reduce the inertia and improve the handling. Its acceleration performance will be improved, and the braking distance will be reduced.

Lightweight titanium alloy wheel bolts improve automobile performance

As the most detailed and important part of the automobile, the wheel bolt, under the premise of ensuring the strength and toughness, is of course the lighter the better. Changing bolts is not just about replacing old bolts. The bolt plays a decisive role in the performance and driving control of the car, and the extremely excellent bolt, not only its mechanical strength, fatigue, corrosion resistance to meet the standards, but also light enough! Compared with the original bolt, the weight of titanium wheel bolt is reduced by more than 45% and its strength is increased by more than 125%. It is the first titanium alloy wheel bolt in the industry that meets or even exceeds the standards of 8.8, 9.8 and 10.9.

Not all titanium alloy can be used as the raw material of titanium wheel bolts, because the wheel bolt is subject to high shear, large load-bearing, and long-period fretting wear, and it is also required to have “toughness”. Toughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy during plastic deformation and fracture. The better the toughness, the less the possibility of brittle fracture and the higher the safety. Generally, the higher the strength of the same material, the lower the toughness, and vice versa. For example, the current market GR5 titanium alloy, although it has high strength, but its toughness is low. Through repeated research and experiments, we have developed a titanium alloy, which is superior to the traditional steel bolts and other titanium alloy bolts in strength and toughness. It is lighter and more reliable, which not only improves the safety factor of fastening, but also presents comfortable and light road feedback to improve driving experience.

light weight titanium lug nuts from Baoji hosn titanium co., ltd

High strength Titanium wheel bolt made from Ti6Al4V

Application of Titanium Alloy in Marine Industry

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Titanium has strong acid and alkali corrosion resistance. It is stainless in seawater for 5 years, and steel will corrode and deteriorate in seawater. The submarine made of titanium alloy can resist both sea water corrosion and deep pressure, and its submarine depth is 80% higher than that of stainless steel submarine. At the same time, titanium is non-magnetic, will not be found by mines, and has a good anti-monitoring effect. Generally, steel submarines submerged more than 300 meters are vulnerable to water pressure damage. Titanium submarine submerged more than 300 meters deep will not be crushed, but also effectively avoid the attack of deep-water bombs, showing the unique charm and excellent performance of the “Titanium submarine”. Titanium is an irreplaceable material for naval vessels in deep sea area. It can be seen that titanium used in ship industry will become a new bright spot in the development of titanium industry. Russia successfully manufactured all-titanium submarines as early as 1968. More than 30 years later, the Titanium submarine is still swimming in the oceans. Since the mid-1960s, Russia has produced 6 to 7 double-deck high-pressure hull “Alpha” class all-titanium submarines, each of which uses 3000 tons of titanium. Alpha attacking submarine uses advanced titanium alloy as shell material, and its maximum submarine depth is up to 900 meters. Japan is also the first country in the world to engage in the application of titanium materials in warships. It has accumulated a lot of experience in the application of civil cruise ships and fishing vessels. Jiaolong of our country has realized the dream of “daring to catch turtles from five oceans”, which shows the excellent quality of titanium metal. Titanium metal is widely used in marine engineering, especially for light marine equipment. It is one of the new key materials in the field of marine engineering. Therefore, making full use of the marine material – titanium and titanium alloy will contribute to the development of national marine strategy.

Titanium is widely used in Marine industry include submarine applications

Titanium widely used as Manned submersible material

Characteristics of Titanium Suitable for Marine Environment

  1. Titanium with low density, high strength and high specific strength has a density of 4.51g/cm3, which is 57% of steel. Titanium has a proportion less than twice that of aluminium, and its strength is three times that of aluminium. The specific strength of titanium is the largest in common industrial alloys. High specific strength can promote the miniaturization and lightweight of marine equipment, increase the speed, buoyancy and maneuverability of submarines, and increase the depth and payload of deep submarines. Therefore, titanium is an indispensable key structural material for marine engineering.
  1. Excellent corrosion resistance

Titanium is the best corrosion resistant material known at present, even in polluted seawater, hot seawater (below 120 C), sea mud and flowing seawater, it has good corrosion resistance. Its excellent corrosion resistance is due to its good self-passivation. When damaged to some extent, the surface oxide film or passivation film can be repaired and restored quickly by itself. That is to say, in the ocean, titanium is almost non-corrosive. There is a strong and tough oxide film on the surface of titanium, so its corrosion resistance is better than that of other metals.

In the design of anti-corrosion equipment, it can greatly reduce the corrosion margin in the thickness direction of bearing structural parts and save construction materials; anti-corrosion equipment can be designed with the same life as the main body, reduce maintenance frequency, greatly reduce maintenance costs, and enhance the service capacity of equipment; titanium equipment does not need coating when used in the ocean. The protection simplifies the manufacturing process, shortens the construction period and reduces the manufacturing cost.

  1. Resistance to seawater erosion and cavitation

Most materials have a critical velocity, beyond which the oxide film on the surface will be washed away and corrosion will accelerate. This accelerated corrosion is erosion corrosion. The erosion and corrosion resistance of titanium pipeline is much higher than that of copper and copper alloy pipeline, and the critical velocity of titanium in seawater is more than 27 m/s. Various erosion corrosion tests show that titanium is very resistant to this corrosion. Titanium permits the manufacture of pipeline systems with smaller diameter, thinner wall and higher flow rate to achieve miniaturization and lightweight equipment. At the same time, the anti-cavitation experiment shows that titanium is one of the most anti-cavitation metals.

  1. Green recycling

Titanium metal products have a long service life in marine environment. After being discarded, they can be processed into lower-grade titanium alloy materials for use, with little weight loss and high recovery rate.

  1. High impact resistance

Titanium and titanium alloys have the best impact resistance, which is conducive to the ability of marine equipment to withstand the periodic impact of sea waves and improve the safety and reliability of equipment.

  1. No magnetism

Titanium is nonmagnetic and is very suitable for minimizing electromagnetic interference. For submarines, it can greatly reduce the magnetic physical field effect of submarines, thus reducing the possibility of their detection by anti-submarine aircraft magnetic detectors; for titanium ships and naval vessels, it can increase concealment and avoid being attacked by magnetic mines. For submarine hull, it will not cause mine explosion. At the same time, it is also conducive to improving the anti-magnetic interference ability of detection instruments and tools and ensuring the accuracy of signals.

  1. High Permeability

Titanium is used as sonar dome material for submarines and aircraft carriers, which can improve the sonar detection sensitivity and detection distance of equipment, and improve the efficiency and safety reliability of equipment.

  1. Excellent Processing Performance

Titanium metal has good machinability and can be made into practical engineering materials of various shapes and specifications, including titanium plate, titanium rod, titanium tube, titanium wire, titanium strip, titanium foil, titanium forgings, castings, weldments, etc. Most titanium and its alloys have good weldability, and the strength coefficient of weld seam can reach more than 0.9; Delayed cracks usually occur in the equipment without post-weld heat treatment, which is conducive to the construction of large-scale engineering equipment such as ships and marine engineering.